**A**

**Amount of Cryptocurrency Burned:** It indicates the amount of cryptocurrency that is burned and completely out of circulation.

**Automated Market Maker (AMM):** The system used in decentralized cryptocurrency exchanges where trading transactions are carried out with smart contracts.

---

**B**

**Block Rewards:** A kind of service fee paid to miners for each correct and valid block they approve.

---

**C**

**Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC):** Central Bank Digital Currency is a currency that can be used as a legal tender and a digital representation of a sovereign currency acknowledged by a Central Bank or a Monetary Authority.

**Circulating Supply:** The amount of supply of cryptocurrency that is available in the market.

**Consensus:** Each blockchain has a method of working, and these methods are called consensus. The most used consensus mechanisms are Proof of Work and Proof of Stake.

**Cumulative Number of Burnings:** The data showing the total burnings of cryptocurrency.

---

**D**

**Difficulty Level:** It specifies the difficulty of creating a new block on the network, which varies according to the number of miners on a network. The higher the processing power in the network, the higher the difficulty level.

**DYOR (Do Your Own Research):** A frequently used term that means it is healthier to do your own research than hearsay.

---

**E**

**Emission Amount:** The data showing the number of coins in circulation.

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**F**

**Fan Token:** Cryptocurrencies that are created to enable fans to influence the decisions of the clubs they support and to take the relationship between fans and clubs one step further.

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**H**

**Halving:** The process of halving the rewards per block. In Bitcoin, it happens approximately once every 4 years.

---

**L**

**Lightning Network Capacity:** The graphical data showing the capacity of the Lightning Network on the Bitcoin network.

**Liquidity:** It indicates the ability of a financial asset to be converted into cash in a short time. 

---

**M**

**Market Value:** The value obtained by multiplying the total supply of a cryptocurrency multiplied by the price of the cryptocurrency.

**Maximum Supply:** The maximum number of cryptocurrencies that can be issued.

**Miners' Position Index (MPI):** The index showing the total miner outflow.

**Mining:** The structure that is responsible for validating transactions and gaining certain mining fees by these transactions on blockchains. Miners are one of the most important parts of blockchains.

**N**

**Network Value to Transactions (NVT) Ratio:** It is calculated by dividing the network value by the daily USD transaction volume on the blockchain.

Number of Active Wallets: The data showing the number of active wallet addresses in a cryptocurrency network.

Number of New Addresses: The data showing the number of new addresses in a cryptocurrency network.

Number of Transactions in the Network: The data showing the number and activity of transactions in a cryptocurrency network.

---
 
**P**

**Platform Token:** The tokens offering opportunities such as voting rights and locking on platforms and are generally available on centralized or decentralized finance platforms.

**Presales:** The sale of a cryptocurrency before the issuance of the cryptocurrency. Usually, a limited amount of cryptocurrency is put on sale at this stage.

**Private Sales:** A sales round before completing the issuance process of a cryptocurrency that certain individuals can participate in privately.


**R**

**Rate of Activity in the Total Supply:** The data showing the activity rate in the total supply of a cryptocurrency. 5, 3, or 1-year calculations can be made as well as 90 or 7-day short-term calculations.

**Rate of Supply in Profit:** A profit is made when the current price of a cryptocurrency is higher than the price of it the last time it moved on the blockchain.

**Return on Equity (ROE):** The return on equity ratio.

**Return on Investment (ROI):**  The total return on investment.

---


**S**

**Stablecoins:** Stable cryptocurrencies indexed to a value of another asset. Stablecoins can be indexed to different types of assets such as SD Coin (USDC), Paxos (PAX), and TrueUSD (TUSD), and they are tokens backed 1 to 1 by money held in bank accounts.

**Short Sale:** It means borrowing and selling a financial asset considering that the value of it will decrease.

---

**T**

**Total Supply:** It shows the available supply of a cryptocurrency. It is often confused with the Maximum Supply data, which shows different data. The Total Supply data shows the amount of cryptocurrencies issued but not in circulation yet. On the other hand, the Maximum Supply data includes the amount of cryptocurrencies not issued but will be issued in the future.

**Transfer Number:** The metric showing the number of transactions made on a network.

---

**W**

**Whale:** An individual with a lot of crypto assets. It is thought that investors called whales direct the market with their assets.


Glossary of Fundamental Analysis

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Bitexen Global Prod

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**A**

**Accumulation:** The name given to the situation where cryptocurrencies are in a narrow price range without following periodic uptrends or downtrends.

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**B**

**Backtesting:** It refers to testing a strategy on historical data.

**Bear Market:** A term used for all financial markets, meaning that prices are in a downtrend. Although it is not clearly acknowledged, the reason why it is called a bear is said to be that bears attack and drop their enemies by swinging their claws down.

**Bear Trap:** A negative trend appearance with false bearish movement.

**Bollinger Bands:** A very popular technical indicator that measures the price volatility of a financial instrument.

**Bottom:** The lowest reached by the price of a cryptocurrency.

**Breakout:** Breakouts in uptrend or downtrend channels.

**Bull Market:** A bull market is a term used for all financial markets, like a bear market. Unlike a bear market, a bull market means that prices are in an uptrend. The reason why it is called a bull is said to be that bulls attack their enemies with their horns and throw them up.

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**C**

**Candlestick:** A type of chart that is created based on open price, close price, highest and lowest values in price movements.

**Close Price:** The final value at the end of a certain period.

**Correction:** It is the short-term market movement in which price movements perform in the opposite direction.

---

**D**

**Descending Top:** It means that each peak in price is lower than the previous peak in price.

**Doji:** A candlestick chart pattern, which is seen at the bottom or on the top, showing hints of trend reversals. 

**Double Bottom:** The bottom formation where the price reaches two consecutive times and turns into an uptrend.

**Double Top:** The top formation where the price reaches two consecutive times and turns into a downtrend.

**Dow Theory:** The theory stating that market movements consist of primary trends, accumulation and secondary trends.

---

**E**

**Elliott Wave:** The technical analysis method explaining every movement in the market with wavelengths and timescales.

---

**F**

**Fibonacci:** The geometrical ratio between prices. It is often used in technical analysis to determine retracement levels. It is associated with the golden ratio.

Fractal: Repetitions of movements that are often seen in the market. It is also called formation.

---

**G**

**Gap:** Gaps formed in charts as a result of rapid step-up of price movements. 

---

**H**

**Head and Shoulders Pattern:** It marks the end of an uptrend. It is a technical analysis formation that predicts a trend reversal in the time period it occurs.

**Historical Data:** The data set consisting of the opening, closing, highest and lowest price values of the instruments in the market.

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**I**

**Indicator:** Statistics used to measure current conditions and predict financial or economic trends.

**Inside Candle:** The type of candlestick formed between the opening and closing values of the previous candlestick.

---

**L**

**Limit Order:** An order made to trade an asset at a specified price or better. A buy limit order can only be executed at the limit price or at a lower price. A sell limit order can only be executed at the limit price or at a higher price.

**Long:** Buying and storing cryptocurrency considering that its value will increase.

**Cycles:** The fractal structures that the market follows.

---

**M**

**MACD Indicator:** A trend-following momentum indicator showing the relationship between two exponential moving averages (EMAs) of prices. It is calculated by subtracting the 26-day EMA from the 12-day EMA. The signal lines on the MACD indicator are used as triggers for buy and sell signals. The MACD indicator was developed by Gerald Appel in the 1970s.

**Market Order:** The order that matches the closest buy or sell order in the market.

**Mismatch:** A mismatch can be positive or negative. It is a negative mismatch when the price of a financial asset rises, but there is a decrease in the indicator, and the opposite is a positive mismatch.

**Moving Averages:** The average obtained by taking a certain number of price data and dividing it by the total number of price data.

---

**O**

**Oscillator:** A type of indicator that detects correction levels within the trend while prices move horizontally in markets where a trend has not yet occurred.

**Overbought:** It indicates a rise in the RSI level as a result of high momentum buying.

**Oversold:** It indicates a drop in the RSI level as a result of high momentum selling.

---

**P**

**Peak:** The highest value reached by a price in a certain time frame.


---

**R**

**Relative Strength Index (RSI):** A performance momentum indicator used in technical analysis to evaluate overbought or oversold conditions of an asset.

**Resistance:** The levels that are likely to stop or slow down the rise when the prices are rising. It can be evaluated as a selling point by technical analysts.

**Retest:** The price movement to the previous support or resistance level with a corrective action.

---

**S**

**Short:** On the contrary of a long position, it means selling considering that the value of the relevant crypto currency will decrease.

**Starting Price:** The first transaction value in a certain time period.

**Stop Loss:** A type of order to sell when the price of a cryptocurrency reaches a predetermined level.

**Support:** The first points where prices are expected to hold while falling. These points can be determined by various technical analysis tools. It is the price level at which the bull market players buy assets.

---

**T**

**Take Profit:** A type of order that is placed for a point above the current price and allows you to close your position profitably at that level.

**Trend:** The direction of an asset in a specific period of time. If the asset you track descends within a certain range, it is called a downtrend, and if it ascends within a certain range, it is called an uptrend.

**Trend Channel:** A corridor of change consisting of two parallel lines showing the current trend in the market.

---

**V**

**Volatility:** The variation in the price of a financial asset over a period of time. Volatility is at high levels when uncertainty is high. It is usually calculated using variance and standard deviation.


Glossary of Technical Analysis

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Glossary of Cryptocurrency

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**A**

**Address:** Cryptocurrency address is like an investor’s private account address. Investors can share their general addresses and perform cryptocurrency transfers among themselves.

**Airdrop:** This term, which is used in the military in the sense of  “delivery of aid from an aircraft”, is the name given to the free cryptocurrency distribution process that is carried out under certain conditions or unconditionally by project owners or companies that issue cryptocurrency.

**API (AP-Application Programs):** An interface created for a software to use its functions defined in another software.

**ASIC (Application-specific integrated circuit):** Chips that are designed to solve specific problems.

---


**B**

**Blockchain:** A structure in which every data to be processed is encrypted and stored in a structure called a block at certain intervals, in each new block there is a summary of the previous block, and all this data is stored in more than one data storage point. 

**Block Rewards:** A kind of service fee paid to miners for each correct and valid block they approve. 

---

**C**

**Consensus:** Each blockchain has a method of working, and these methods are called consensus. The most used consensus mechanisms are Proof of Work and Proof of Stake. 

---

**D**

**DDoS Attack (Distributed Denial of Service Attack):** A malicious attempt to disrupt the infrastructure of a server, service or network with a stream of internet traffic. 

**Decentralization:** A distributed structure resulting from storing data in multiple points and working with multiple validators.

**Deterministic Wallet:** A system of generating keys from a single starting point known as a seed. A user who has lost his main wallet can access it from the previously backed up deterministic wallet system that is built on a specific algorithm and seed. 

**Difficulty:** The level of difficulty in which the network determines the required computing power for block generation in mining structures working with the Proof-of-Work model. 

**Digital Signature:** In a sense, an electronic fingerprint. Digital signature, as a virtual encoded message, securely associates a signer to a document in a recorded transaction. It is a mathematical technique used to verify authenticity and integrity.

**Double Spending:** The attempt to transfer the same asset or token more than once at the same time. Even though it is rare, double-spending is a potential hazard on blockchain networks.

---

**E**

**EIP (Ethereum Improvement Proposal):** EIPs, or Ethereum Improvement Proposals, are proposals, which include proposals to be realized on the Ethereum network, put forward by developers.

**ERC-20:** This protocol standard, which stands for Ethereum Request for Comments, contains the rules and standards for creating tokens on the Ethereum network.

**ERC-721:** A free and open standard that explains how to create non-fungible or unique tokens on the Ethereum blockchain. While most tokens are fungible, all ERC-721 tokens are unique. While ERC-20 tokens are divisible, even the smallest unit of ERC-721 token is indivisible.  

**EVM:** A virtual machine that is used to run applications developed on Ethereum. 

---

**F**

**Fork:** Splits that occur as a result of conflicts, such as a disagreement on a project. These splits could be Soft or Hard.

---

**G**

**Gas:** The unit of fuel which is required to use the computation power on the Ethereum network. On the Ethereum network, gas is a must for any transaction to be processed. 

**Gas Fee:** Each gas unit is called GWEI. GWEI is the easier to understand form of WEI. And WEI is the smallest Ethereum unit.

**Gas Limit:** The maximum limit a user is willing to pay for the computation power he wishes to use. According to the statement in one of the Ethereum prospectuses, each transaction must be worth at least 21,000 Gas. 

**Genesis Block:** The first block processed on the network of a project.

**Goerli TestNet:** Launched in September 2018, it is the first cross-client Proof-of-Authority testnet that synchronizes Parity Ethereum, Geth, Nethermind, Hyperledger Besu (previously known as Pantheon) and EthereumJS. It is a completely open source, community-based project. 

---

**H**

**Halving:** The process of halving the mining rewards in certain intervals in cryptocurrency projects operating with the Proof-of-Work protocol.

**Hash:** The process of encrypting a text, making it algorithmically unpredictable.

---

**I**

**ICO (Initial Coin Offering):** The term “initial” in Initial Coin Offering means the first issue of a coin to the public. In order to create resources, projects can offer tokens or cryptocurrencies that they have issued.

---

**M**

**Mainnet:** It means that a cryptocurrency project that does not have its own blockchain and runs on another network creates its own network. 

**Multi-Signature:** Multi-Signature technology is used to collectively sign digital documents and cryptocurrency transactions by two or more users.

---

**N**

**Node:** Internet-connected computers that keep records of transactions on a blockchain, disseminate information to a network, and ensure the security and decentralization of a network. 
Non-Fungible Token (NFT): NFTs, which are unique tokens, can be created a certain number of times based on ERC-721. Therefore, they are unique and available in limited numbers. They are widely preferred for artistic activities on blockchain. 

---

**P**

**Private Key:** All data records can be viewed in Public Blockchains. When performing a transaction on a blockchain, Public Keys can be shared with anyone and are visible as a sender or receiver in transfers. For this reason, the system signs the desired transaction with the help of a Private Key so that individuals can gain control over the data. In short, Private Keys are authorization keys that enable these transactions to take place.

**Proof of Stake:** A system created as an alternative to Proof-of-Work (POW), the original consensus algorithm in the blockchain technology that is used to confirm transactions and add new blocks to the chain.

**Proof of Work:** An algorithm-based mechanism that is used on a network by Bitcoin miners to confirm and authenticate transactions by adding a new block to a blockchain. This algorithm, which is run on a blockchain network, has been developed to confirm transactions, to generate new blocks to add to a chain and to prevent threats such as attacks and spam messages that may come from outside.

**Protocol:** Basically, it is a basic level of code that tells something how to work. The way each blockchain works is determined by a protocol.

**Public Key:** Cryptocurrencies are stored in accounts on blockchains. The concept of Wallets is actually connecting to a blockchain network and viewing data records, and all data records can be viewed on Public Blockchains. In this context, Public Keys are a type of key that can be shared with anyone and appear as a sender or recipient address in transfers.

---

**R**

**Rinkeby:** An Ethereum testnet.

**Ropsten:** An Ethereum testnet.

---

**S**

**Scalability:** The ability of a system to grow to meet increasing demand.

**Smart Contracts:** Contracts that present the terms of the agreement agreed by the seller and the buyer, in code strings, based on computer protocols. They are also defined as digital contracts running on blockchain.

**Solidity:** The programming language to write and implement Smart Contracts running on the Ethereum blockchain.

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**T**

**Testnet:** Blockchains created by blockchain developers for testing purposes as an alternative before switching to MainNet.

**Token:** Cryptocurrency units of projects that do not have their own blockchains but operate on another blockchain network. For example, there are many projects and their tokens running on the Ethereum blockchain. 

---

**W**

**Wallet:** Digital software that stores Private Keys that prove any digital asset is owned by an individual and sends and receives currency. 



Glossary of Blockchain

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**A**

**Arbitrage:** Taking advantage of an asset’s price inequality in different markets for the purpose of profit.

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**B**

**Balance of Payments:** A statistical report showing records of economic transactions between residents of one economy and residents of another economy during a specific period.

**Bartering:** An swap between two parties based on an asset or a liability.

**Base Effect:** The effect of the year the change began when measuring the change between two different periods.

**Bear Market:** The markets where prices are falling and selling pressure is high. 

**Bull Market:** The markets where the prices are rising and buying pressure is high. 

**Bonds:** A debt instrument with a maturity more than a year. It can be issued by the government or the private sector, and it can be called a treasury bill or a private sector bond.

**Buy-Sell Difference:** The difference between the buy and sell price of a financial trading asset.  

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**C**

**Call Options:** Contracts that grant rights to buy an underlying asset at a predetermined time and price.

**Capital Market:** The name given to the markets where investment instruments with maturities longer than one year take place.

**Consensus:** Fulfillment of obligations arising from fund or security transfers between more than one party.

**Consolidation:** Restructuring of debt as a result of the debtor’s non-payment.

**Credit Risk:** The probability of a company’s inability to fulfill its financial obligations on time. 

**Credit Supply Contraction:** In the economy, these are the situations where financing is difficult, liquidity problems arise and credit supply decreases.

**Cross Exchange Rates:** In global markets, cross exchange rates usually show the exchange rate of two different currencies valued against USD. 

**Current Exchange Rate:** The current exchange rate in the foreign exchange markets. 

**Currency Risk:** In an economy, it is the possibility of fluctuations and volatility that may occur in the exchange rate in the future.

---

**D**

**Deflation:** As the opposite of inflation, it is the continuous decrease in the general level of prices.

**Derivative Transactions:** The name given to the transactions that are made to be exchanged at a future date. These transactions can be forward, future, swap or option.

**Devaluation:** The depreciation of the local currency against foreign currencies. 

---

**E**

**Efficient Market Hypothesis:** Introduced by Eugene Fama, it is the idea that the asset prices in the market reflect all information, and the prices move randomly. 

**Electronic Money:** The monetary values issued against funds accepted as a method of payment by various institutions. 

**Emission:** The process of issuing a currency into circulation.

**Eurobond:** A bond issued in a currency other than the local currency.

**Export:** The sale of goods carried out by residents abroad.

---

**F**

**Factoring:** It is the process of selling the receivables obtained from the sale of goods or services by companies in return for a price.

**Financial Stability:** In markets, it means the resistance of companies, regulators and institutions against problems in the economy. Financially stable markets are also healthy and well-functioning markets.

**Fiscal Policy:** Policies implemented by governments to take actions on issues such as employment, growth and inflation, which are the basic elements of an economy.

**Fixed Exchange Rate:** A regime that ties the value of a local currency to the value of a foreign currency. 

**Foreign Trade Balance:** The trade balance resulting from trade between residents and non-residents. It shows the difference between import and export. If it is positive, that means that there is a foreign trade surplus, and if it is negative, that means that there is a foreign trade deficit.

**Futures Contract:** The transactions to be made at a future date. These are the financial instruments that focus on the future changes of a financial asset or value. 

---

**G**

**Government Debt Securities:** The debt securities issued by The Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey.  

**Gross Domestic Product:** The multiplication of the total added value and the amount produced in a country.

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**H**

**Hedging:** All operations carried out to be protected by investment risks. 

---

**I**

**Import:** The purchase of goods carried out by residents abroad.

**Inflation:** It is the continuous increase in the general level of prices.  

**Interbank Money Market:** The market where banks affiliated with the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey make transactions using Turkish Lira among themselves. 

**Interest Rate:** The value of a currency in relation to inflation. 

**Investment Funds:** Portfolios created by vestment companies as a result of bringing together various investment instruments.

**Leasing:** One of the fundraising methods of companies. In this transaction, a contract is signed between the lessor and the lessee.

**Leverage Ratio:** It is known as the debt / equity ratio in businesses. In trading platforms, it is the process of using the multiplier of the balance owned by the determined leverage ratio.  

**Liquidity Risk:** The risk that indicates the lack of funds and liquidity in the market. The name of the financial problem that a company faces when its short-term expenses are more than its income. 

**LIBOR:** The London Interbank Offered Rate. It means the interest rates used by highly reputable banks when they lend to each other. 

---

**M**

**Market Interest Rate:** The interest rate determined by supply and demand in financial markets.

**Monetary Policy:** All decisions made to achieve price stability, growth and employment targets. 

**Money market:** The markets where the exchange of assets between short-term fund suppliers and fund demanders takes place.

---

**N**

**Net Present Value:** The value obtained as a result of discounting the returns of an investment during the investment period at a certain discount rate.

**Nominal Value:** The value written on a security. It is the raw value that is not adjusted for inflation or other data.

**Nominal Effective Exchange Rate:** The average obtained by choosing an appropriate weighting method of the exchange rates determined for a specific purpose.

---

**O**

**Options:** Options are contracts that allow you to profit from bull or bear scenarios related to the asset without owning the asset. There are two kinds of options called Call Options and Selling Options (Put Options). Call Options are options that give the holder the right to buy the underlying asset at a future date at the price at which the option is written. The price in the contract, which indicates at what price the investor can buy the underlying asset, is called the exercise price or the strike price. Selling Options (Put Options), on the other hand are types of options that give the option buyer the right to sell the underlying asset at a future date at the price on which the option is written.

---
 
**P**

**Parity:** The value formed as a result of the ratio of the values of one financial asset and another one.

**Payment System:** The name given to all fund transfer mechanisms between parties.

**Price Stability:** A desired financial goal that also means a low and stable inflation rate. 

**Primary Market:** The process of issuing and selling an investment instrument for the first time. It is the market in which financial assets meet investors. 

---

**R**

**Real Interest Rate:** The nominal interest rate that is adjusted for inflation. 

**Recession:** In the economy, it is the situation in which growth is negative or stagnant.

**Repo:** The process of buying goods with a commitment to sell them back at a later date.

---

**S**

**Secondary Market:** The market in which previously issued financial assets are traded.

**Self-financing:** Self-financing means that a company does not distribute the profits in order to use them in future investments.

**Selling Options:** Selling Options are options that give the option buyer the right to sell the underlying asset at a future date at the price at which the option is written. These are also called “Put Options”.

**Short Selling:** Borrowing and selling a financial asset whose price is predicted to decrease.

**Systematic Risk:** Risks affecting all stakeholders in a system. For example, inflation risks, currency rate risks, political risks, war risks, etc.  

---

**T**

**Technical Analysis:** A type of analysis made for the future by making use of the past price movements of a financial asset through various technical indicators.

**Tertiary Market:** The markets where there are types of transactions made in the over-the-counter markets (OTC). 

**Treasury Bills:** The short-term debt instruments issued by the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey. 

---

**V**

**Value Date:** The date on which an agreed transaction is recorded in accounts. For example, it is the date on which a fund can be used by the depositor.

**Volatility:** The situation where the gap between the highest and the lowest points in a financial asset price is wide. It expresses the length of the price movements in the market.
 
---

**W**

**World Bank:** An international organization established in 1944. It provides long-term loans for developing countries and works on foreign indebtedness and poverty of countries.


Glossary of Economics

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Bitexen TR Prod

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**A**

**Alpha Code:** The version where the codes are at an early stage and in the process of being tested. 

**AMM:** Decentralized trading pool that allows crypto assets to be traded.

**APY:** Percentage return on investment in an asset one year later.

**Arbitrage:** Profit-oriented transactions made by taking advantage of the price differences in two different markets.  

**Audit:** Infrastructure auditing of protocols by third-party audit companies.

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**B**

**Beta Code:** The version where the codes are in the release phase of the product and in the process of being tested.

---


**C**

**CeFi:** Provides financial services for crypto assets in a centralized structure.

**CEX:** Crypto asset trading platforms with physical addresses and institutional structures. For example, Bitexen.com is a Digital Asset Trading Platform. 

**Collateralization:** The method of performing various financial transactions by borrowing in exchange for assets.

**Compound Interest:** Obtaining higher returns by returning obtained interest to the investment. 


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**D**

**DAO:** Organizational structures whose rules are determined by smart contracts. 

**dApp:** Applications running on blockchain. 

**DeFi:** Provides financial services for crypto assets in a decentralized structure.

**Derivative:** The name given to investment instruments that emerge on the value of an asset or assets.
 
**DEX:**  Digital asset trading platforms running on smart contracts.

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**G**

**Gas Fee:** Transaction fee paid to perform any transaction on the blockchain. 

**Governance Token:** Crypto assets that grant voting rights and are used to develop or make decisions about a smart contract.

**Gwei:** The unit used to calculate gas fee on the Ethereum network.  
 
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**I**
**Impermanent Loss:** Depreciation of assets locked in pools due to temporary price drops in temporary pools.
 
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**L**

**Lending aggregator:** Smart contracts that find the best rates for individuals who want to earn income by lending in the pools.

**Leverage:** A multiplier that allows the transactions to be performed to be multiplied. 

**Liquidity Mining:** Earning income in exchange for providing liquidity. 

**Liquidity Pool:** Pools of assets known as LPs to provide liquidity flow to smart contracts. 

**Liquidity Providers:** Individuals who provide liquidity to the DeFi platforms to earn income. 

**Liquidity Token:** Tokens given to liquidity providers in exchange for providing liquidity. 
 
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**M**

**MetaMask:** An extension used to connect many DeFi platforms. 

**Multisig Wallet**: A type of wallet that requires the approval of multiple individuals for a transaction to take place.
 
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**P**

**Protocol:** Rules that work within certain standards and limits, such as ERC-20.  
 
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**R**

**ROI:** Total return on investment. 
 
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**S**

**Slippage:** The difference between the purchase price and the sale price of an asset.

**Spread:** The difference between the order prices of potential buyers and sellers after the order is transmitted in the market.

**Stake:** By locking cryptocurrency, earning income or gaining rights such as voting rights.
 
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**T**

**Total Value Locked:** Total value of locked assets in a smart contract on a protocol. 
 
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**V**

**Volatility:** Unit that shows the rate of change in price of an asset. 
 
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**Y**

**Yield Farming:** Earning additional income by manually or automatically lending or by arbitrage. 
 
